VERMONT COMPETITIVENESS DASHBOARD

Data help us to understand where we are and how we got here, but data isn’t destiny. That was one of the core principles behind the Economic Action Plan, and it is also why the Vermont Futures Project has developed this Competitiveness Dashboard. It is a compilation of a range of economic indicators that show where Vermont ranks relative to the region and the nation as a whole. Rankings are sorted from #1 representing the highest relative performance to #50 or #51 representing the lowest relative performance.

Though the data reveal some strengths, there are far more areas that need urgent attention. The dashboard also serves as a basis for comparative analysis. Decision makers can use it to identify and investigate strategies and policies from states that are outcompeting Vermont.

This Competitiveness Dashboard is a reality check for Vermont and a call to action. Where we go as a state from here is a choice – one that can and should be informed by this data. If ignored, the trendlines will continue and data will become destiny.

***Want to share data visualizations from the dashboard, or use them in your own work?  You are welcome to do so! We just ask that you credit the Vermont Futures Project, and let us know if you have questions before you use them.  If you are adding them to publications, blogs, or media, we also appreciate learning where they have been used.  Please consider sending a copy or link to us at kchu@vtfuturesproject.org.***

Primary Economic Action Plan Indicators: People & Places

The long-term growth targets are to increase Vermont’s population to 802,000 by increasing the number or working-age adults, and to increase the number of non-seasonal housing units to 350,000. Growth of people and places are lagging indicators of impactful economic strategies. The recommendations in the Economic Action Plan serve as a starting point to effect change. The other metrics in this competitiveness dashboard highlight other opportunities for Vermont to improve its economic future. 

Status = 648,493 Total People
Goal = 802,000 by 2035

2024 Population Change

#49 out of 50

-215 people | 15,000+ needed

Wrong Direction

Vermont is one of three states to lose population from 2023 to 2024.

See Map

Status = 285,548 Occupied Homes
Goal = 350,000 by 2035

2024 Housing Permits

#46 out of 51

2,654 units permitted | 7,500+ needed

Permission Denied

Vermont must triple its rate of housing production to meet long-term housing needs.

See Map

Composite Indices

The following rankings are third party analyses that each combine multiple datasets in developing a topical index. 

Camoin Associates Economic Momentum

#51 out of 51

Lagging Behind

Vermont needs to rethink the basics to turn things around.

See Map

CNBC Top States for Business

#38 out of 50

#1 Quality of Life

But economic factors such as workforce and business climate weigh down the overall ranking.

See Map

ALEC-Laffer Economic Outlook

#49 out of 50

Cloudy Forecast

This ranking is based on 15 state policy variables that lawmakers have control over that influence economic growth.

See Map

Lightcast Talent Attraction Scorecard

#22 out of 51

Untapped Potential

Supporting economic growth could kickstart a virtuous cycle of prosperity.

See Map

Cato Institute Economic Freedom

#43 out of 50

Restrictive

Vermont’s fiscal and regulatory policies are some of the most restrictive in the country.

See Map

C2ER Cost of Living

#43 out of 51

Impact of Scarcity

Vermont is more expensive than most states across almost every component score.

See Map

ITEP Tax (In)equality Index

#3 out of 51

Fair Share

Vermont’s tax system redistributes wealth. Only Minnesota and Washington D.C. have more progressive systems.

See Table

Tax Foundation State Tax Competitiveness

#42 out of 50

Small Base, Big Burden

Vermont is a high tax state across almost every category, and ranks last for property tax.

See Map

Ernst & Young Effective Business Tax Rates

#51 out of 51

Risky Business

Vermont has the highest total effective business tax rates in the country. 

See Table

Population & Demographic Metrics

Map of States Ranked by Total Population Change (#49 out of 50)
Table of Net Domestic and International Migration (#31 out of 50 for Domestic)
Table of Median Age and Dependency Ratio (#50 out of 51)
Table of Percentage of Population by Age Groups (#50 out of 51 for 25-44 years age cohort)

Housing Metrics

Map of Housing Permits by State (#46 out of 51)
Table of Housing Price Appreciation as of 2025 Q3 (#45 out of 51 for 5-year percent change)

Economy and Business Metrics

Map of Economic Momentum (#51 out of 51)
Table of Real GDP Growth (#37 out of 50 for GDP per capita)
Map of CNBC Top States for Business Rankings (#38 out of 50)
Table of CNBC Top States for Business with Component Ranks
Opening and Closing Rates of Establishments (#45 out of 50)

Cost of Living Metrics

Map of Cost of Living Index (#43 out of 51)
Table of Median Household Income and Change Over Time (#20 out of 51 for 2024)
Table of Average Retail Electricity Prices (#42 out of 51)

Education and Workforce Metrics

Map of Talent Attraction Scorecard (#22 out of 51)
Table of Talent Attraction Scorecard with Component Ranks
Table of Educational Attainment of Population 25 Years & Older (#3 out of 51)
Table of National Assessment of Educational Progress Scores (#36 out of 51 for 4th Grade Reading)
Table of Public School Spending Per Pupil (#49 out of 51)
Table of Net Migration of College-bound Students Between States (#12 out of 51 for Import/Export Ratio)
Table of Retention of College-bound Students Attending School in Home State (#50 out of 51)

Tax Metrics

Map of 2026 State Tax Competitiveness Index (#42 out of 50)
Table of 2026 State Tax Competitiveness Index with Component Ranks
Table of Total Effective Business Tax Rate (#51 out of 51)
Table of ITEP Tax (In)equality Index (#3 out of 51)

Policy Metrics

Map of ALEC-Laffer State Economic Competitiveness Index (#49 out of 50)
Map of Cato Institute Overall Freedom Rankings (#42 out of 50)
Table of Cato Institute Overall Freedom Rankings with Component Ranks
Table of State Government Spending (#46 out of 50)

Unemployment Insurance Metrics

Table of Unemployment Insurance Taxes (#38 out of 50)
Table of Regular Unemployment Insurance Payments (#10 out of 50)
Table of Workers' Compensation Benefits Paid (#12 out of 50)